Organizational factors as predictors of tobacco cessation pharmacotherapy adoption in addiction treatment programs.

OBJECTIVES This study investigated 3 organizational factors (ie, counseling staff clinical skills, absence of treatment program obstacles, and policy-related incentives) as predictors of tobacco cessation pharmacotherapy (TCP) adoption (comprised of the 9 available TCPs) in addiction treatment programs using the innovation implementation effectiveness framework. METHODS Data were obtained in 2010 from a random sample of 1006 addiction treatment program administrators located across the United States using structured telephone interviews. RESULTS According to program administrator reports, TCP is adopted in approximately 30% of treatment programs. Negative binomial regression results show that fewer treatment program obstacles and more policy-related incentives are related to greater adoption of TCP. Counter to prediction, clinical skills are unrelated to TCP adoption. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that organizational factors, on the basis of established theoretical frameworks, merit further examination as facilitators of the adoption of diverse TCP in addiction treatment programs.